Vodafone's Indonesian Expansion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Vodafone's Indonesian Expansion - Essay Example From this study it is clear that the MPR consists of two houses the People’s Representative Council (DPR) and the Regional Representative Council (DPD). The DPR is the law making body. The republic of Indonesia largely functions like the government of US with the President holding all executive powers. The 33 provinces have the right to make their own laws within the constitution and since 2001 have been granted greater autonomy in their affairs. Five of them have special rights for such enacting their own independent laws. They are Aceh, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Papua, and West Papua. Aceh province has promulgated the Islamic Shariah Law. Jakarta is the capital and the five largest cities are Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Medan and Semarang. Indonesia’s GDP for 2007 is UD$ 408 Billion and the estimated per capita income is UD$ 1,812. It has a large service sector comprising about 45% of the economy. The industrial sector is a close second at about 45%. The rest is agricultur al. Employment is however highest in the agricultural sector at about 44% of the total 95 million working population. The total population is about 206 million. The services sector employs 36% and the industries employ only about 19% population. Among the major industries are petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel and mining.

Energy Drinks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Energy Drinks - Essay Example The intake of the energy drinks thus is seen to reduce the number of accidents that take place every year. More people are encouraged to use the drinks rather than taking drinks that are alcoholic. It is true to say that the intake of the energy drink has gone up in many parts of the world. The reason for this is that most people are welcoming the drinks intake more and more as compared to the intake of alcoholic beverages. We can, therefore, say that since the energy drinks are not alcoholic, they have become more and more popular in the reduction of accidents. The fact that the energy drinks are seen to be made of low-carb also gives them a major advantage in the market. This means that on the intake of the drink, the whole body is filed up and the brains function is boosted. The consumer, therefore, gains the ability to carry out tasks they couldn’t carry out in the normal states of their bodies. Non-carbohydrate diets are said to be ketogenic. The meaning of this is that t hy cause the body to go into a state of ketosis. When a human body is said to go into a ketosis state, it means that the body fats, as well as the dietary fats, are converted into ketone bodies thus fueling the whole of the body to ninety-five percent. The body becomes very active and the brain becomes very alert causing the person to become more active than they were before the intake of the drink. All the positive effects of the energy drinks result in more people going to the stores and purchasing the drinks.

Resistance of a wire Essay Example for Free

Resistance of a wire Essay George Ohm discovered that a circuit sometimes resists the flow of electricity. He called this resistance. The rule that George Ohm came up with for working out the resistance of a wire is as followed: V/I = R V Volts I Current R Resistance This is known as Ohms Law Prediction The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the factors that affect the resistance of a wire. The hypothesis that I intent to prove or disprove is resistance will increase as the length of the wire increases, and resistance will decrease as the wire gets thicker. The experiment to come to this conclusion will be conducted as follows: firstly we attached three wires to nails that were held in place by a wooden board. The wires were attached o the nails by crocodile clips. The wires were all of different thickness, i. e. thick thin and medium circumferences. Electricity was supplied from a mains point,(in the form of volts) and from this high medium and low currents were passed through each of the wires. After all of the various currents had been passed through all of the wires, the resistance will be recorded using an ohm metre. After all of the initial measurements have been taken, the ohm metre will be moved 10 cm further away from the power supply for each of the wire, and will be further repeated in intervals of 10 cm to see if the length of the wire has any bearing on the resistance of the wire. All of the results will then be recorded in a table and then illustrated graphically to assist in the analysis of the end results. It is my prediction that as the current increases, and the length of the wire becomes longer; the resistance (measured in ohms) will increase as well. It is also my belief that as the wire gets thicker, the resistance will decrease. I also believe that the relation ship will prove to be linear and proportional between length and resistance . I devised this prediction after some careful and well thought out use of my scientific knowledge; the reasons I give for my prediction are as follows. The voltage travelling through the wires is a driving force, which effectively pushes the current around, acting as a kind of electrical pressure. A simple analogy to explain this would be to use the example of a hosepipe, i.e. a hosepipe with a greater circumference will offer less resistance than one with a smaller circumference, and also there is less surface area on a short piece of hosepipe, once again creating a smaller resistance. Also inline with my earlier analogy I believe that it will be a proportional relationship because if u double the length you double the available area for atoms within the wire The same principle can be used to explain resistance of a wire. The voltage is trying top push the current around the circuit, and the resistance is opposing it. The relative size of the voltage and resistance decide how big the current will be. So therefore if you increase the voltage, more current will flow, or more voltage will be needed to keep the same current flowing. So as a consequence I believe that a long thin wire, and the smallest will offer the greatest resistance by a thick short wire. Below is a diagram taken from the SEG physical processes revision guide (Richard Parsons 1998) that will graphically explain my above analogy. The independent variable of the wire is its length and the dependant variable of the wire is the resistance. The factors that will be kept constantly the same throughout the experiment are as followed: The thickness of the wire. The type of wire. The temperature. Safety precautions This experiment is relatively safe. The only two safety precautions that need to be taken into consideration during this experiment are: Make sure the surface you are carrying the experiment out on is dry, as a water is a conductor of electricity, and is very dangerous if they react together. Whilst the multimeter is turned on make sure you do not touch the wires, because they become very hot throughout the course of the experiment. Obtaining Firstly I attached the wire to a meter ruler with sticky tape. Then I switched the multi-meter on. The multi-meter is connection to the wire via the crocodile clips. I then recorded the resistance, lengths ranging from 0 100cm. Increasing by intervals of 10cm each time. Thick wire Low Current Medium Current High Current Length (cm) Volts (V) Ohms (R) Volts (V) Ohms (R) Volts (V) Ohms (R) Average Resistance Medium wire Low Current Medium Current High Current Length (cm) Volts (V) Ohms (R) Volts (V) Ohms (R) Volts (V) Ohms (R) Average Resistance. Thin Wire Low Current Medium Current High Current Length (cm) Volts (V) Ohms (R) Volts (V) Ohms (R) Volts (V) Ohms (R) Average Resistance Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Electricity and Magnetism section.

A Letter from Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King Jr

A Letter from Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King Jr A Letter from Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King Jr. was written in the margins of a letter posted by the clergymen of Alabama at this time that sparked his interest and while he inhabited the jail cell for parading around without a permit. This time allowed him the ability to respond wholeheartedly to this cynical oppressing. Kings letter addresses specific points presented in the Clergymens and this direct response distinguishes Kings strong points through his powerful writing. Unethical and immoral mentions came to the attention of the Minister through the letter, and he expressed his differing views and defended his ideals and actions through Aristotles three rhetorical devices, ethos, logos, and pathos. First and foremost, King establishes his credibility to spark off his strong defense. Introducing himself as The President of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, an organization operating in every southern state, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. , [with] eighty-five affiliated organizations across the South, and one of them is the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (Letter from Birmingham Jail 2). This credential not only puts King into a position of power but also proves that he has seen enough of the south and the problems within it to create a strong argument against his opposition. Another point that establishes this is on page seven of Letter From Birmingham Jail where King states that hes traveled through the length and breadth of Alabama, Mississippi, and all the other southern states. On sweltering summer days and crisp autumn mornings. This quote defends his credibility further because not only did King travel once through these states but multiple t imes in different seasons, and even deeper- in different trials that may have been presented. Moreover, throughout the letter, King references the Bible, presidents, and writers to establish not only his educated mind, but also his passion for righteousness and his stance as a minister. The flawless flow of his passionate response to the Clergymen also presents support for his intellect and knowledge due to keeping a reasonable head and developed grammar while inhabiting a jail cell. Many of the Kings rhetoric used that convinced his credibility to the audience also demonstrated the logic in his counterargument. In a simple paragraph, he effectively proves his point that extremism for a proper cause isnt something to discredit and should not be looked upon as a negative thing, Was not Jesus an extremist for Love,Was not Amos and Extremist of justice, was not Paul an extremist for the Christian gospel, and Abraham Lincoln,and Thomas Jefferson,The Question is not whether we will be extremists, but what kind of extremists we will be (A Letter from Birmingham Jail 6). After thoroughly tying in many influential figures in history, King then goes on to question the argument of the Clergymen stating that the demonstrations are at fault in Birmingham and not the social situation already simmering. Throughout Alabama all sorts of devious methods are used to prevent Negroes from becoming registered voters, and there are some counties in which,not a single Negro is register ed (Letter from Birmingham Jail 4) This direct attack on the truth of Alabama in this time brings a harsher light to what happens and what is overlooked to many. King then continues to state that it was his parading without a permit (4), that landed him in the jail and while it is completely fine to have such an ordinance,it becomes unjust when it is used to maintain segregation and to deny citizens the First Amendment privilege of peaceful assembly and protest (Letter from Birmingham Jail 4). This direct reference to the constitution of the United States and just and unjust laws and ordinances proves a strong point for Kings Rebuttal, which helps to defend the equal rights movement even further. Throughout the passage, after King addresses his credentials and furthers I through his knowledgeable and strong rebuttals of logic, his argument plays further into the conscious of his audience through well put references and emotional instances. One powerful example of Kings pull on the readers consciousness in his letter is on page three when he refutes the argument of the Clergymen saying that Colored people should just wait. While many words truly stand out, Kings true effect was mastered by the appeal to the parents in the group, When you have to concoct an answer for a five-year-old son who is asking: Daddy, why white people treat colored people so mean (Letter from Birmingham Jail 3)? Then again, humiliation day in and day out by nagging signs (Letter from Birmingham Jail 3) and even further, when you are forever fighting a degenerating sense of nobodiness (Letter from Birmingham Jail 3). Another element that helps support Kings point in his letter is the fervent repetition o f his blatant disappointment in more than simply the clergymen, but their Christian faith and the churches in service within Alabama during this time. King repeats how disappointed he was in the common whites also and their bystander reactions to racial issues. The fact that this man, a minister, beneath the said extremist white clergymen, and inhabiting a jail cell during that time, who was disappointed in people showed a true depth which hit the audience profoundly. (King) These three elements to Martin Luther Kings letter aid it to be the most effective argument against the Clergymens rash and irrational spark of a letter. Because he sought to the demands and claims so logically, and rebutted with passion and clarity, Kings message was put across and he demonstrated what he needed to put his point across and defend his actions and ideals. The strength of this letter allowed a clear voice to hopefully change mindsets and common misconceptions within Birmingham, Alabama and did not allow the irregularities of the Clergymen to cloud minds with incorrect thoughts. Works Cited: King, Martin Luther, Jr. Letter from Birmingham Jail. The Norton Anthology of African American Literature. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and Nellie Y. McKay. New York: Norton, 1997. 1854-66.

The Epilogue of Haydn Middletons The Lie of The Land :: Haydn Middleton The Lie of The Land

The Epilogue of Haydn Middleton's The Lie of The Land A few days had passed since Art had reentered David's life. While David, Quinn and Art spent the morning eating breakfast and discussing which is the best fruit jelly, Rachel was sulking in a pit of angst. Matthew hadn't spoken very much the past few days, still trying to come to terms with what she had done and why. And Rachel was trying to decide if she was on the road to healing a guilt which has haunted her for months, or could she still not forgive herself? Inspired by David Nennius' memoirs, she decided to do the same. She couldnUt bring herself to say to Matthew what she wanted to say, but perhaps she could write it then. Oh sure, she had told him the entire tale of her adventures with David, but she hadn't told him why she had been so obsessed with his troubles. Why she had to save him. Rachel picked her hands up from the keyboard. Rubbing her wrists she contemplated her future. Then, like many times, she began thinking of the past and details she had never told anyone. Rachel's Story "I haven't been able to bring myself to tell anyone what happened all those months ago," began the journal entry. I can still remember the day the man with no name came into the center, the day I committed my crime. That day I let a man walk out the door without getting his name. He wore a tattered overcoat and a sheep-like smile. Later, much too late, I learned the truth. No, that is not true. I knew the truth and did nothing. I knew he was a child molester - he told me. The worst part of it is that he came in twice. Twice I did the wrong thing. "I regret what I did," the man said through globs of tears. "I just wish these rages, these infatuations would vanish." I thought he was sincere, so when he would not give me his name I didnUt push him to do so. He pleaded with me not to tell the authorities. He said he could heal himself better in the real world. I thought he had a point. But then that fateful day came. I can still see Matthew's face as I read the story of a Chester Rogers being picked up for child molestation.

Essay --

Effects Of Smoking In Women Until fairly recent times, smoking was considered to be exclusive to men. They were seen smoking at parties, in public places, in offices and even in their homes while their female counterparts watched them indulge themselves. However this is not the case anymore for the last few decades have seen a rapid increase in the rate of female smokers. Figures show that in the year 2000 there were about 25 % and 21 % male and female smokers respectively. Needless to say this has resulted in some serious health problems for women as studies show that over 165,000 women die of diseases that are an outcome of heavy smoking, which includes heart attacks emphysema and breast and ovarian cancers. The fact of the matter is that just as smoking results in dire consequences for men, it produces equally horrific results for women. Most women are however unaware of the fact that smoking can pose health problems such as various different cancers. Not only this but also it can produce bad breath and yellow teeth and nails, which is not a health problem but does add to the overall negative effects of smoking. The following section of the essay will thus take into account the adverse health effects that smoking has on women i.e. breast and ovarian cancer. Studies have shown that smoking advertisements have begun to focus on teenage girls in a bid to increase their sales, while reinforcing the trend in adult female smokers. Experts point out that doing so will result in getting the teenagers hooked on to the habit with the result that they will turn into life-long smokers. It is a commonly known fact that the earlier one begins to smoke; the harder it becomes to quit later on. Thus teenage girls find themselves attracted to t... ...skin to age i.e. the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles are common and the skin begins to sag and loses its elasticity. Thus all those botox injections and plastic surgeries are likely to wield no results if a woman does not quit the habit. As mentioned earlier it also causes the nails and the teeth to become yellow and the smoker develops a particularly bad breath, which can be embarrassing if one is in public. Thus the above discussion shows that smoking in women causes a number of health problems such as heart diseases, cancers, osteoporosis and reproductive problems thereby minimizing her chances of conception. References Greaves, Lorraine. Smoke Screen: Women's Smoking and Social Control. New York: Scarlet Press, 1996. Author unavailable.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Smoking.† Available online at: http://www.ivillagehealth.com/library/nwh/content/0,4482,215912_227354,00.html 2000.

Introductions to Interviews and Interrogations: False Confessions

In 1988, Ted White was clubbed in the head and face at his mattress business between 12:45 and 1:55 p. m. White died of his injuries three days later and was never able to tell the police officers of the incident. There were no witnesses found and the police never discovered any fingerprints or DNA to help identify the actual perpetrator. Regardless, police originally suspected Matt Mason of the murder but were unable to bring a case against him. Mason and Tinney were acquaintances. Glenn Tinney original pled guilty to the murder of ted white in 1992. There was evidence that was presented at court that got Tinney sentence exonerated. The evidence they had to get his sentence exonerated was the fact that none of the confessions matched the facts of the crime and an Ohio judge reversed Tinney’s conviction. The prosecutor investigator was told Glenn Tinney may know something about Mason’s participation in ted white’s murder, Tinney said that him and mason killed Ted white together but then a couple of days later he said he did the crimes alone. The police also uncovered that Glenn Tinney gave other statements that was not consistent with each other or with the facts of the crime. The court concluded that upon close comparison of Tinney’s confessions, he â€Å"confessed to killing a man he could not identify, for conflicting motives which don’t match the facts, at the wrong time of day, with a weapon that does not match the victim’s injuries, by striking him in the wrong part of the head, and stealing items the victim either still possessed after the attach or probably never possessed. † Because of these reasons, the court said it would be â€Å"manifestly unjust to deny withdraw of the guilty plea† because the confessions did not provide any support for the murder conviction (McGinn, 2013 ).References McGinn, A. (2013 , Feb 6). Ohio IP Exonerates Glenn Tinney in False Confession Case. Retrieved from californiainnocenceproject.org: http://californiainnocenceproject.org/blog/2013/02/06/ohio-ip-exonerates-glenn-tinney-in-false-confession-case/